Ptang, yang, kipperbang Essay Example

Ptang, yang, kipperbang Paper Ptang, yang, kipperbang is a play written for television which focuses around the life of a teenage boy, named Alan Duckworth. Set after the war, the play gives the viewer or reader a well documented insight into teenage life at this point in time. The main character, Alan is not only a keen cricket fan like most boys his age, but has developed an infatuation for an attractive girl in his school. Although at first glance Alan seems to be like any other teenager, beneath this image is a boy who is healthily in touch with his feminine side. This leads to a play which not only adopts a successful comedy routine between Alan and his friends, but in the end, turns Alan into the unlikely hero of the play. The writer of the play, Jack Rosenthal ensures Ptang, yang, kipperbang sets itself from the crowd. He achieves this by using a certain dramatic device, which can only be labelled as genius. Rosenthal employs John Arlott, a famous sports commentator to provide play-by-play of the test cricket match, England against Australia to coincide with the events in Alans life. Its this commentary along with Rosenthals thought and preparation into the characters, which makes Ptang, yang, kipperbang such a joy to read and even more so to watch. The stage directions can not be ignored when reading the play, but naturally they go without acknowledgement. When watching the play, however they obtain a high degree of importance throughout the production, from Alans jerk in pain when he receives his punishment from the headmaster to Anns kiss on the cheek towards the end of the play, they all serve a purpose, some more than others. We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Its these stage directions which highlight the fact that Ptang, yang, kipperbang is in fact a play written for television and not for the stage. For one, the majority of the stage directions required for the play to be acted out to full effect demands a physically larger area than a stage. For example, Alans daily chores for his father, which were in fact an excuse for Alan to indulge himself in Anns presence. The scenarios used in the play also demonstrate that the play was written for television. This is evident in that there are so many scenarios in the play, I dont know where to start. From the school grounds where Alan talks to the caretaker, Tommy about cricket and life in general, to Anns house where as soon as Alans love object is out of view, he U-turns to arrive home. Upon review of the play, my favourite scene was undecided. There were so many that stuck out in my mind as memorable, such as the cross country P. E lesson, a classic example of the chemistry between Alan and his friends along with their comical antics. Alan is shocked and insulted when he discovers prostitutes refuse to kiss; (stops dead) They wont kiss? His friends reply by crudely remarking that its a price theyre willing to pay to employ a prostitute. Another scene which I find to be one of my favourites is one of the many Tommy and Miss Land conversations, the particular one I have in mind however is that of when Tommy is enlightened by Miss Land that she had a relationship with an American during the war. Miss Lands addition of virtually to the end of every sentence, along with Tommys irony makes the scene an asset to the play; One! One American! Virtually.. Old men and Yanks! Bloody old two-faced fogeys and randy Yanks! While me and my oppos are spilling blood and guts all over Africa and France and the sodding Rhineland! Both Tommy and Miss Land are lying to themselves in this scene. Miss Lands self deceit is visually obvious as her virtually spree suggests. Later in the play, Tommys claims of fighting valiantly in the war turn out to be false, he mentions in spite of Miss Land that he was fighting for Queen and country whilst she meddled with old men and foreigners. These two scenes, however entertaining, come in at a close fourth and third in my opinion. One of the two scenes that I have decided are joint for first place is Alans scene with the Headmaster, the comments between thrashes and the Headmasters demeanour throughout is what makes this scene primarily so entertaining. Alans physical response to his punishment, him avoiding contact with a seat for some time after, also adds to the value of this scene. I think Jack Rosenthal achieves such a level of humour from a place with the opposite emotional atmosphere (being the dreaded Headmasters office) by using this feeling of dread to his advantage. Instead of portraying the Headmaster as a stern and cold man, he shows that not only has he the strictness to be a Headmaster, but the unique blend of a sense of humour as well. Its this combination that makes the scene such joy to read. The other scene that makes up my personal top spot double is yet another example of the rib-tickling chemistry between Alan and his friends which explained earlier, is just one of several wild-cards Rosenthal uses to make Ptang, yang, kipperbang what it is, a successful comedy play written for television. The scene in question is the brilliant pontoon game parody staged in the boys lavatory. Alans half participation in the game, explaining the days earlier events, whilst his friends play with a trance-like attitude is entertaining on its own. As the scene goes on, Alan grows more impatient with his unimpressed companions. The game continues and his friends, still oblivious to Alans dilemmas and more to the game at hand, and in an ironic twist reveal they have lost patience with him. Sod off Quack-Quack. Youre getting on my nerves! (Turns his cards over) Pontoon. Match null and void. Ungentlemanly play from Quack-Quack. I had bloody pontoon! As Quack-Quack or Alan detaches from his friends, there are no signs of Alan even being present. Pontoon seems to be the popular topic of choice. In my opinion, Ptang, yang, kipperbang offers much more than meets the eye. One of the things I picked up from the play was its employment of comedy to put across certain points, for example, the daily after school pressing sessions. This demonstrates adolescent behaviour in a humorous and nai ve manner. This is a frequent occurrence throughout the play, which proves to be a success. The point made at the end by two workmen on Alans street, which primarily left me in a state of confusion as well as no doubt many others came in the form of the following; Hell be starting shaving next. Then spend the rest of his life trying to stop the bleeding. Although vague, I interpret the comments to be a forecast for later on in Alans life where as the workmen believe, despite his current desire to grow up will lead Alan to long for his days as a schoolboy again. This may be Jack Rosenthals way of presenting the stereotypical old mans clichi. The time you spend in school are the best days of your life.

Secure FTP Server in Chroot Jail Environment Essays

Secure FTP Server in Chroot Jail Environment Essays Secure FTP Server in Chroot Jail Environment Essay Secure FTP Server in Chroot Jail Environment Essay Often SFTP is confused with FTPS Well, they are different SFTP Part of SSH server FTPS Secure implementation of FTP server (yes, both use SSL encryption on the transport) WHAT IS JAILROOT/CHROOT? Evey process in *NIX systems has Process Context. This context contains the absolute path of the command that lead to creation of the process. e. g. $ ls The Process Context shall contain /bin/ls. It must be noticed that process has visibility till /. The hacker may somhow access all directories below / as they are in visibility. This is insecure. We decrease the visibility of process by creating altogether a separate directory called CHROOT or JAILROOT. For eg. if /dir1/dir2/chroot-dir is the JAILROOT directory in our configuration then the process run from login within this directory shall have no knowledge of anything above /dir1/dir2/chroot-dir/. For this process /dir1/dir2/chroot-dir/ is their / in the process context. CREATE USER WHO WILL BE ALLOWED TO LOGIN THROUGH SFTP sage ~]# useradd sftp-user Make sftp-server as login shell for that user. sage ~]# usermod -s /bin/false sftp-user CREATE JAILROOT DIRECTORY age ~]# mkdir /chroot-dir chown root. sftp-user /chroot-dir chmod 750 /chroot-dir MODIFY SSH SERVER CONFIGURATION TO ENABLE SFTP IN CHROOT sage ~]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config #Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/sftp-server Subsystem sftp internal-sftp ChrootDirectory /chroot-dir ADD /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server AS A VALID LOGIN SHELL sage ~]# echo /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server gt;gt; /etc/shells sage ~]# /etc/init. d/sshd restart TEST SFTP bash~$ sftp [emailprotected] domain Connecting to hostname. domain [emailprotected] domains password: sftpgt; ls sftpgt; quit

Explain the link between constitutions and justice in Aristotle's Essay

Explain the link between constitutions and justice in Aristotle's Politics - Essay Example It is through the social construction of justice that a constitution is then created to reflect those traditions, beliefs, and behaviours that define a nation. Swanson and Corbin (2009) suggest that the most important thing to do when discussing Aristotle’s work in political philosophy is to understand the context in which his theories were constructed. Aristotle was not merely observing and reporting on the politics within his world, but was examining the nature of politics through academic and analytical approaches. Swanson and Corbin (2009: 2) boil the discussions that Aristotle made down to a central theory that politics are based upon â€Å"the desire to live well†. This very simple desire from within the human experience has spawned a complicated set of boundaries within which life is structured. As Aristotle discovered, through these structures, the pursuit of a good life has developed, sometimes favoring one social group over another, but always in a struggle to find justice and fairness in an attempt to socially balance life. Swanson and Corbin (2009) combine the effects of both Platonic and Aristotelian philosophies in order to reveal one of the most important developments towards Western politics. ... Aristotle pointed out that justice within personal relationships was based upon the degree of obligation that one has to another person. As an example, to not help a brother is a much more severe violation of human interaction than to fail to help a friend or an acquaintance. Goodman and Talisse (2007: 58) state that â€Å"the core idea of justice for him is political. It involves citizens who live in some kind of relation of equality and is not a natural extension of other kinds of justice†. In approaching justice through reason and intellect, political justice is then achieved through an equality that is defined by citizenship. Goodman and Talisse (2007) compare the philosophies of Aristotle to those of Confucius. Confucius looked at the â€Å"benevolent rule of a sage king† (Goodman and Talisse (2007: 59) and did not explore the idea of a constitution. In these types of regimes, the rule of culture is supported over that of law. Aristotle, on the other hand, though a cknowledging the benefits of an aristocracy, believes that the practical approach is through a â€Å"constitution based on the rule of the middle class† (Goodman and Talisse 2007: 59). Blumenfeld (2003) discusses the nature of the constitution and the use of it in a general polity. The word constitution is defined as both referring to the middle class and to the polity. The middle class is the basis of justice and the foundational social group to a polity with a constitution. There are psychologies that surround each of the social classes within a society. Aristotle considered the rich classes to be violent and beyond the power of rule. Obedience is not in the

How best can transportation facilities be improved in Namibia,a Dissertation

How best can transportation facilities be improved in Namibia,a country of only 2million people - Dissertation Example The main objective of this study is to do a critical analysis of how a non performing transport sector affects the economy; understanding the challenges facing the different transport sectors by providing the necessary policy recommendations; outlining of other possible contributing factors; and, finally trying to find both long and short term solutions available to the sectors relative to the specific transportation challenges. There is not much research done in this area in the past which is the basic reason for my conducting this research. Background Namibia, then called South West Africa, became a German colony in the 1880’s. After the defeat of Germany in the First World War, the mandate to rule the territory was handed to South Africa, which by implication brought apartheid in Namibia. In 1990, Namibia gained its independence, after a brutal war of Independence from South Africa. Since independence, Namibia has been looking into increasing its exports in terms of its nat ural resources and products on the international front and it has advanced in this aspect. However, the biggest challenges hampering effectiveness of increased trade lies more towards the logistics aspect and the management of its respective SOEs. Namibia’s geographical position and transport infrastructure is such that it has become a transit country for Botswana, Zimbabwe and Zambia, which are its bordering and surrounding countries. These countries carry out export and import business across overseas countries through Namibian maritime transport. Other coastal countries and regions to which Namibia provides its transport facilities for business purposes include the region of Gauteng in South Africa; the Kunene and Cuando provinces in Angola; the Katanga province and Lubumbashi town in Congo. Due to this fact, these challenges are hampering the performance of the transport sector, and the fact that the services are spiraling down it does not really help the situation. Accor ding to Bernan (p.80), â€Å"Namibia considers the development of transit transport as contributing to the overall economic development of the country† and due to this fact, the government of Namibia has invested tremendously in the maintenance of its transit transport infrastructure. Currently, Namibian transport sector faces challenges related to the â€Å"expansion, modernization, upgrading and maintenance of road, rail, air and maritime transport facilities†, affirms the National Planning Commission, Namibia (2004, p.478). Bernan (p.81) suggests that the railway should be extended into Botswana all the way to South Africa because the railway infrastructure is still limited to only a few hundred kilometers near the border of Botswana somewhere between Walvis Bay and Gobabis. The major challenges that Namibian transit transport faces is financing and managing the infrastructure, and harmonization of vehicle dimensions, overload control, custom procedures and user cha rges for transit transport. Namibia transport is also expensive and one of the biggest challenges is that the resources of the country are not ample enough to finance transport facilities. This study aims to find solutions to these challenges which could help lead to the proper solution implementations requiring less national budget going wasted in struggling rather than using it for national development purposes since a revived economy is vital to the future of the country. Research

Ethics Awareness Inventory Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics Awareness Inventory Analysis - Essay Example Therefore, acting according to ones instincts is necessary and ethical (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005). I also believe inspiring individuals to improve their lives and grow is important compared to increasing business profits; through inhumane business practices like reshaping or traditional downsizing. Generally, I work with business ideas and policies which ensure equal opportunities and equal respect for all the employees in the family business. The knowledge I acquired during my study guide my thinking that business decisions are ethical only if they support the free choice of people, respect employee rights and supports creativity. In reference to obligation assessment, all businesses should comply with internationally proclaimed human rights. Besides, a sustainable business should not be complicit in the abuse of employee rights. In addition, the business is expected to maintain a good forward and backward linkages in the supply chain. These enhances the productivity of workers and result to profits (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005). However, my ethical viewpoint is not without any challenges especially when addressing ethical dilemmas in both personal settings and business. In most instances what I think is the appropriate approach is not applicable in the short-term choice. Hence, sustainability and conflict resolution at work place require a holistic approach to management of employee and employer relationships. Good business ethical practices embedded in business policies increase business

The Islam And Christian Holy War Religion Essay

The Islam And Christian Holy War Religion Essay For centuries Christians and Muslims have fiercely engaged in wars because they believed they will be rewarded by God for waging war in his name. In recent times we have become very familiar with the Jihad; as the media has covered this topic extensively after the September 11 attack that took place in the United States. This act of terror made the Islamic community a focal point of the media, which educated the populace on the violence of Islam or as they choose to call it Holy War. The truth is that, Islam is not the only religion that has committed violence in the name of God. Christianity also has its history of violence and Holy Wars, they were called the Crusades. The reasons for the Crusades were; to free fellow Christians from incursion and discrimination, Conquering lands in the possessed by other religions and fulfilling promises to partake in a crusade. Today we refer to Holy wars as Killing in Gods name, but war and religion have gone hand in hand for centuries. People go to battle after praying and making sacrifices to God, making them believe that God is on their side because they are fighting for his cause. An example is when Joshua destroyed the Anakites in the Bible. Involving God in such violent acts is not supposed to make a war holy. In the past few centuries, since the first crusades began to recapture the holy land from the Muslims Saracens, holy wars between these two religions have evolved along different paths. In the Christians context, we see a gradual decline in violence, the opposite is witnessed in Islam, and there have been a few recent cases of killing in the name of religion in Islam, the September 11 attack is one of the most serious in recent time. Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world and today it is amongst the religions with the highest amount of believers. The Jihad played a vital role in this rapid growth of Islam. Battles that were fought and won over a large geographical area, the captives were either converted by the sword or willingly changed to the religion of the army that conquered them. Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress limitsAnd slay them wherever ye catch them. And turn them out from where they have turned you out; for persecution is worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the sacred Mosque unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who reject faith. But if they cease, Allah is oft-forgiving, most Merciful. And fight them on until there is no more persecution. And the religion becomes Allahs. But if they cease, let there be no hostility except to those who practice oppression (The Quran, Surah 2:190-193). The Quran is the holy book of Islam; the above quote is from the Quran it encourages the Holy war. Partly this explains the numerous battles the Muslims were involved in few centuries ago, fortunately in modern times the Jihad is no longer carried on a large scale as compared to the past but there are still some exceptional cases. The Hadith is another important book in Islam and it is second to the Quran. The Hadith contains the sayings and activities of the Prophet Muhammad and he encourages the Jihad, saying that anyone who dies fighting for Allah will be rewarded, by going to paradise. Many of these sayings have been interpreted in different ways and people have acted according to these interpretations which have lead to brutality and wars. Although in this modern age, with the help of globalization and westernization the frequency and scale of religious wars have declined over time. However, a small percentage of Muslims, the extremists and anti -western ones still dwell on the verses in the Quran that talk about war, conflict and violence. This is what has lead to terrorism and suicide bombings in recent times. In addition, the duty of all Muslims is to do the utmost against those who do not believe in Allah, this was meant for nearest enemies of Muslims but as more Foes arose with time, the statements supporting the Jihad were updated. The Muslims are acting according to what they read in their Holy books, most do not feel remorseful for whatever damage they have caused because they believe this are divine instructions of the holy book. Today we do not hesitate to link the word Jihad which means struggle in Arabic to Terrorism, especially after the September 11 attacks. Religious wars and violence happen in some other countries like Nigeria which is one of the most religious countries in the world. In Nigeria, Muslims and Christians clash frequently, fighting and rioting over one problem or the other, but yet the opposing religion knows very little about each others believes. Religious wars in Nigeria are fueled by ignorance, tribalism, poverty, politics and struggle for power. Another cou ntry that has experienced religious war this modern time is India; with a high population of Hindu, a small number of Muslims and a few Christians. Approximately hundred Christians were killed in a recent religious battles and another ten thousand left without a roofs over their head, telling us that religious wars may have reduced but still occurs in some societies. Furthermore, there are two forms of Jihad the greater and lesser Jihad. Internal Jihad or greater Jihad means the battle of believers to live their Muslim faith as the Quran instructs. This explanation is consequently, after a battle the prophet said We are finished with the lesser jihad; now we are starting the greater jihad. He explained to his followers that fighting against an outer enemy is the lesser jihad and fighting against ones self is the greater jihad. This means that the lesser Jihad will refer to the struggle against Unbelievers. (Heck) Muslims put in great effort to live the way Allah instructed them, the personal Jihad has to do with the teachings while the Jihad against unbelievers is the Practical. However, some scholars find the Quran teachings of morality and encouragement of violence very contradictory. Many historians believe that the true meaning of Lesser Jihad does not necessary encourage fighting and brutality but states that Muslim should take a stand for their religion only when Islam is threatened. The misinterpretation of the lesser jihad, as a cause or reason to fight and engage in violence and brutality does not make it holy. If Islam is not threatened and Muslims wage war against non-believers then this cannot be referred to as Lesser Jihad. Over the years various people have interpreted the Quran, their interpretations were influenced by the struggles that they were experiencing at that time. Factors such as oppression, depression, anger, suffering, hunger for power, hatred and other factors have influenced the interpreters perception of the scriptures. For instance, the Taliban strict and extreme version of Islam has even made other Muslim countries view the Ta liban with suspicion. Osama Bin Laden, the leader of the terrorist group Al Qaeda has quoted the Quran on several occasions to justify their violent actions on the west. Political leaders use religion to convince and justify their selfish desires. Using religion makes their argument convincing because they twist and interpreted the scriptures to serve the purpose and believers easily embrace them and believe it is just. Al Qaeda has used suicide bombing as tactics for attacks and the Quran forbids this. (Burk) The Crusades By large, Christianity is a religion that preaches peace but the record of killings and destruction in the past is contradictory to its teachings. In the past, wars were fought against those who opposed Christianity; the wars were fought primarily against Muslims. This is because the rise of lslam slowed down and threatened spread of Christianity. lslam under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate spread from what is now Saudi Arabia in the Arabian Peninsula to Spain and parts of France. This made lslam a treat to Christianity and the Catholic Church, which was very powerful during the medieval times. The Church had enough political backing to crush anything or anyone that disobeys or treating the beliefs of the Church. Scholars and historians have argued about the cause or reason for the crusades. Some say that the crusades were crucial reaction by Christians to the domination of pilgrims in Muslim-controlled Jerusalem. Others argue that it was political imperialism disguised by religiou s piousness. Furthermore, others say that it was a social liberation for societies that were overburdened by landless nobles. Whatever the reason, it does not change the fact that a lot of lives and property were lost in the process. The first Crusades were organized by Pope Urban II in 1095. His main aim was to take Jerusalem from the hands of those he believed were non believers. Pope Urban II helped lay the foundation for many years of bitter and violent fighting between Christianity and other religions. The Crusades were triggered by popes at that time like Pope Urban ll and Pope Eugene III who called for the second crusade. The Popes felt that the crusades were particularly their duty and under their motivation, even if some of the expeditions sometimes got out of control. They believed the crusades were Gods work and that they were His instruments. Urban at Clermont used the following words: I speak to those who are present, I shall proclaim it to the absent, but it is Christ who commands. Moreover, if those who set out thither lose their lives on the journey, by land or sea, or in fighting against the heathen, their sins shall be remitted in that hour; this I grant through the power of God vested in me. The Pope organized the crusades, deciding the time, participants and also presents privileges to those that partook and threatened them with exile to all that do not realize their vow. (Dana) The crusades were used as a means of reclaiming the lost lands of Christians and acquiring more power for the Church. The age of the crusades was from 1905-1291 CE. In total, there were either eight or nine Crusades, depending on your view. Most historians consider the 9th Crusade to be part of the 8th. It was not only believers of other religions that suffered persecution, some Christians also suffered. Church theologians or leaders dealt with anybody who followed another religion or come up with rational thoughts that threatened Christian beliefs an example is the case of Galileo. Galileos teachings during the 17th century threatened the geocentric view of the universe. He said that the earth revolved around the sun. The church maintained that the earth was stationary and the sun and heavenly bodies revolved around it and this was an accepted fact. Thus were Galileos claims, labeled as the ranting of a heretic and he was confronted by the church leaders and told to recant his theory or face the consequences. The crusades also helped the Church and Popes acquire much wealth, with Crusaders freely giving to the Church before embarking on their journey. Crusaders were frequently taxed and this was handled by the Church. Consequently, the Popes became much more powerful, mainly because of their control over the appointment of the officials. (Dana) Heresy easily spread because of increasing mistrust of the Church, due to many reasons. For instance, all teachings in England, France and Germany had been carried out by the clerics and the crusaders discovered that they were continuously lied to. Others learnt that they misinformation, and began to doubt. The political crusades brought discredit and dishonor upon the Church and the Popes. Many men realized that they were being us ed and the Popes were using their power for worldly ends. In the thirteenth century it became more difficult to persuade men to take the Cross and fight.(Dana) In any case, there has been more recent violence attached to Christianity. Right after the civil war in the United States, the protestant-led white supremacist Ku Klux Klan members engaged in destruction of property, cross burning, beating, arson, murder rape and whipping against Jew, Catholics and African Americans and other social ethnic minorities. These are grave crimes exhibiting extreme violence and brutality. The mission of the Ku Klux Klan is to reestablish protestant Christian view in the United States. They believed that Jesus was the first Klansman. (Robert) They exhibited pure Christian radicalism. Similarly, the Arm of God (AOD) is an underground Christian terrorist organization active in the United States. This group has been involved in anti-abortion violence such as murder, property crimes and kidnapping. All these organization believe they are fighting for the morals of their religion and in the name of God. (Windle) Social Ramification Consequently, religious violence has lead to religious and ethnic profiling in society. The recent terrorist attacks have found to be rooted to religion and ethnicity thus causing countries to use profiling as a context for law enforcement and counter terrorism. Profiling can be defined as the use of racial, religious or ethnic stereotypes, rather than individual behavior, as a basis for making law enforcement and investigative decisions about who has been or may be involved in criminal activity. The global generalizations about a particular ethnic or religious groups propensity to commit a crime has made life difficult for people with certain ethnicity or religion. Society begins to look at such people as potential threats and this has negatively affects their daily lives at school, work and social interaction. Conclusion Finally, today religion is not considered an act of violence, Christians especially Catholics are not proud of the crusades that happened in the past. This point in history, are now looked upon as a dark period In Christianity. A group of Western Christians recently formed a body, their aim is to repair the damage caused by the crusades by apologizing to the other religions that were affected during that time. (Robin) But when have Christians demonstrated this love to Muslims or Jews? We have gone to them with swords and guns. We have gone to them with racism and hatred. We have gone to them with feelings of cultural superiority and economic domination. We have gone to them with colonialism and exploitation. We have even gone to them with the Gospel cloaked in arguments of superiority. Only a few have ever gone with the message of Calvary We must do more than carry the message; we must be the message. This kind of movement helps to show that Christians are not willing to carry out the crusade; no recent case has been heard. Todays Christians want to practice their religion without harming anybody. The same can be said for most Muslims, although some Muslims extremists are obsessed with fighting the west. As the study has shown religious violence was greatly influence my politics and selfishness desires of leaders. Over the course of time leaders have used religion as a tool and have twisted the word of God to suit their agenda and accomplish their desires. Without this influence, misinterpretation and deceit violence would have not been so wide spread in religion. Most religions preach God is of peace and we humans with our selfish ways have used religion as a way to control people and their beliefs. If we do not let our human imperfection influence the word of God and we follow the teaching of our scriptures diligently the world will be more peaceful. Ironically, our imperfection s are barely curable and even the greatest men fault. This is the paradox of life. Work Cited Baird-Windle, Patricia Bader, Eleanor J., (2001), Targets of Hatred: Anti-Abortion Terrorism, New York, St. Martins Press B.A Robins Christian apology for the Crusades: The Reconciliation Walk Religious Tolerance.org. 2005-NOV-04. Web. 3 April 2011 Dana C. The Popes and the Crusades Munro Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society Vol. 55, No. 5 (1916), pp. 348-356 JSTOR. Web. 3 April 2011 Josh Burek and James Norton A world-renowned scholar explains key points of Islam. Islamawareness.org. n.d. Web. 3 April 2011 Michael, Robert, and Philip Rosen. Dictionary of anti-Semitism from the earliest times to the present. Lanham, Maryland, USA: Scarecrow Press, 1997 p. 267. Paul Heck. Jihad Revisited The Journal of Religious Ethics Vol. 32, No. 1 (spring, 2004), pp. 95-128. JSTOR. Web 3 April 2011

Essay --

"I feel at home wherever I go" . This is what a person who's not place-bound would say . This is what a person whose love is not confined to family and friends, but is spread everywhere and to everyone would say. This is what a global citizen would say. It is surprising how someone can be away from home but still feel like at home. A global citizen has cultivated his/her abilities to achieve this in a couple of ways. Let me tell you how . A global citizen has realized that we are all interconnected no matter where we come from or what religion we follow. No matter what our race or nationality is we are all part of a larger process which is human life. A global citizen has become aware that everyone on this planet is a brother or sister. The global citizen has read a lot about different countries , has learned different languages,has been interested in what's going on across the oceans , has found a connection between his daily life and the lives of others who live far away. I take my hat off to a such person . One of the global citizen's characteristics that I admire most ,i... Essay -- "I feel at home wherever I go" . This is what a person who's not place-bound would say . This is what a person whose love is not confined to family and friends, but is spread everywhere and to everyone would say. This is what a global citizen would say. It is surprising how someone can be away from home but still feel like at home. A global citizen has cultivated his/her abilities to achieve this in a couple of ways. Let me tell you how . A global citizen has realized that we are all interconnected no matter where we come from or what religion we follow. No matter what our race or nationality is we are all part of a larger process which is human life. A global citizen has become aware that everyone on this planet is a brother or sister. The global citizen has read a lot about different countries , has learned different languages,has been interested in what's going on across the oceans , has found a connection between his daily life and the lives of others who live far away. I take my hat off to a such person . One of the global citizen's characteristics that I admire most ,i...